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Antenna Theory

Antenna Theory Analysis and Design

Antenna Theory

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Beschreibung

Details

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

01.04.2016

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons Inc

Seitenzahl

1104

Maße (L/B/H)

26.1/17.7/5.9 cm

Beschreibung

Details

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

01.04.2016

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons Inc

Seitenzahl

1104

Maße (L/B/H)

26.1/17.7/5.9 cm

Gewicht

2433 g

Auflage

16004 Auflage 4. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-118-64206-1

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  • Antenna Theory

  • Preface xiii

    About the Companion Website xix

    1 Antennas 1

    1.1 Introduction 1

    1.2 Types of Antennas 3

    1.3 Radiation Mechanism 7

    1.4 Current Distribution on a Thin Wire Antenna 15

    1.5 Historical Advancement 18

    1.6 Multimedia 21

    References 22

    2 Fundamental Parameters and Figures-of-Merit of Antennas 25

    2.1 Introduction 25

    2.2 Radiation Pattern 25

    2.3 Radiation Power Density 35

    2.4 Radiation Intensity 37

    2.5 Beamwidth 40

    2.6 Directivity 41

    2.7 Numerical Techniques 55

    2.8 Antenna Efficiency 60

    2.9 Gain, Realized Gain 61

    2.10 Beam Efficiency 65

    2.11 Bandwidth 65

    2.12 Polarization 66

    2.13 Input Impedance 75

    2.14 Antenna Radiation Efficiency 79

    2.15 Antenna Vector Effective Length and Equivalent Areas 81

    2.16 Maximum Directivity and Maximum Effective Area 86

    2.17 Friis Transmission Equation and Radar Range Equation 88

    2.18 Antenna Temperature 96

    2.19 Multimedia 100

    References 103

    Problems 105

    3 Radiation Integrals and Auxiliary Potential Functions 127

    3.1 Introduction 127

    3.2 The Vector Potential A for an Electric Current Source J 128

    3.3 The Vector Potential F for A magnetic Current Source m 130

    3.4 Electric and Magnetic Fields for Electric (J) and Magnetic (M) Current Sources 131

    3.5 Solution of the Inhomogeneous Vector Potential Wave Equation 132

    3.6 Far-Field Radiation 136

    3.7 Duality Theorem 137

    3.8 Reciprocity and Reaction Theorems 138

    References 143

    Problems 143

    4 Linear Wire Antennas 145

    4.1 Introduction 145

    4.2 Infinitesimal Dipole 145

    4.3 Small Dipole 155

    4.4 Region Separation 158

    4.5 Finite Length Dipole 164

    4.6 Half-Wavelength Dipole 176

    4.7 Linear Elements Near or On Infinite Perfect Electric Conductors (PEC), Perfect Magnetic Conductors (PMC) and Electromagnetic Band-Gap (EBG) Surfaces 179

    4.8 Ground Effects 203

    4.9 Computer Codes 216

    4.10 Multimedia 216

    References 218

    Problems 220

    5 Loop Antennas 235

    5.1 Introduction 235

    5.2 Small Circular Loop 236

    5.3 Circular Loop of Constant Current 250

    5.4 Circular Loop with Nonuniform Current 259

    5.5 Ground and Earth Curvature Effects for Circular Loops 268

    5.6 Polygonal Loop Antennas 269

    5.7 Ferrite Loop 270

    5.8 Mobile Communication Systems Applications 272

    5.9 Multimedia 272

    References 275

    Problems 277

    6 Arrays: Linear, Planar, and Circular 285

    6.1 Introduction 285

    6.2 Two-Element Array 286

    6.3 N-Element Linear Array: Uniform Amplitude and Spacing 293

    6.4 N-Element Linear Array: Directivity 312

    6.5 Design Procedure 318

    6.6 N-Element Linear Array: Three-Dimensional Characteristics 319

    6.7 Rectangular-to-Polar Graphical Solution 322

    6.8 N-Element Linear Array: Uniform Spacing, Nonuniform Amplitude 323

    6.9 Superdirectivity 345

    6.10 Planar Array 348

    6.11 Design Considerations 360

    6.12 Circular Array 363

    6.13 Multimedia 367

    References 367

    Problems 368

    7 Antenna Synthesis and Continuous Sources 385

    7.1 Introduction 385

    7.2 Continuous Sources 386

    7.3 Schelkunoff Polynomial Method 387

    7.4 Fourier Transform Method 392

    7.5 Woodward-Lawson Method 398

    7.6 Taylor Line-Source (Tschebyscheff-Error) 404

    7.7 Taylor Line-Source (One-Parameter) 408

    7.8 Triangular, Cosine, and Cosine-Squared Amplitude Distributions 415

    7.9 Line-Source Phase Distributions 416

    7.10 Continuous Aperture Sources 417

    7.11 Multimedia 420

    References 420

    Problems 421

    8 Integral Equations, Moment Method, and Self and Mutual Impedances 431

    8.1 Introduction 431

    8.2 Integral Equation Method 432

    8.3 Finite Diameter Wires 439

    8.4 Moment Method Solution 448

    8.5 Self-Impedance 455

    8.6 Mutual Impedance Between Linear Elements 463

    8.7 Mutual Coupling in Arrays 474

    8.8 Multimedia 480

    References 480

    Problems 482

    9 Broadband Dipoles and Matching Techniques 485

    9.1 Introduction 485

    9.2 Biconical Antenna 487

    9.3 Triangular Sheet, Flexible and Conformal Bow-Tie, and Wire Simulation 492

    9.4 Vivaldi Antenna 496

    9.5 Cylindrical Dipole 500

    9.6 Folded Dipole 505

    9.7 Discone and Conical Skirt Monopole 512

    9.8 Matching Techniques 513

    9.9 Multimedia 523

    References 524

    Problems 525

    10 Traveling Wave and Broadband Antennas 533

    10.1 Introduction 533

    10.2 Traveling Wave Antennas 533

    10.3 Broadband Antennas 549

    10.4 Multimedia 580

    References 580

    Problems 582

    11 Frequency Independent Antennas, Antenna Miniaturization, and Fractal Antennas 591

    11.1 Introduction 591

    11.2 Theory 592

    11.3 Equiangular Spiral Antennas 593

    11.4 Log-Periodic Antennas 598

    11.5 Fundamental Limits of Electrically Small Antennas 614

    11.6 Antenna Miniaturization 619

    11.7 Fractal Antennas 627

    11.8 Multimedia 633

    References 633

    Problems 635

    12 Aperture Antennas 639

    12.1 Introduction 639

    12.2 Field Equivalence Principle: Huygens' Principle 639

    12.3 Radiation Equations 645

    12.4 Directivity 648

    12.5 Rectangular Apertures 648

    12.6 Circular Apertures 667

    12.7 Design Considerations 675

    12.8 Babinet's Principle 680

    12.9 Fourier Transforms in Aperture Antenna Theory 684

    12.10 Ground Plane Edge Effects: The Geometrical Theory of Diffraction 702

    12.11 Multimedia 707

    References 707

    Problems 709

    13 Horn Antennas 719

    13.1 Introduction 719

    13.2 E-Plane Sectoral Horn 719

    13.3 H-Plane Sectoral Horn 733

    13.4 Pyramidal Horn 743

    13.5 Conical Horn 756

    13.6 Corrugated Horn 761

    13.7 Aperture-Matched Horns 766

    13.8 Multimode Horns 769

    13.9 Dielectric-Loaded Horns 771

    13.10 Phase Center 773

    13.11 Multimedia 774

    References 775

    Problems 778

    14 Microstrip and Mobile Communications Antennas 783

    14.1 Introduction 783

    14.2 Rectangular Patch 788

    14.3 Circular Patch 815

    14.4 Quality Factor, Bandwidth, and Efficiency 823

    14.5 Input Impedance 826

    14.6 Coupling 827

    14.7 Circular Polarization 830

    14.8 Arrays and Feed Networks 832

    14.9 Antennas for Mobile Communications 837

    14.10 Dielectric Resonator Antennas 847

    14.11 Multimedia 858

    References 862

    Problems 867

    15 Reflector Antennas 875

    15.1 Introduction 875

    15.2 Plane Reflector 875

    15.3 Corner Reflector 876

    15.4 Parabolic Reflector 884

    15.5 Spherical Reflector 920

    15.6 Multimedia 923

    References 923

    Problems 925

    16 Smart Antennas 931

    16.1 Introduction 931

    16.2 Smart-Antenna Analogy 931

    16.3 Cellular Radio Systems Evolution 933

    16.4 Signal Propagation 939

    16.5 Smart Antennas' Benefits 942

    16.6 Smart Antennas' Drawbacks 943

    16.7 Antenna 943

    16.8 Antenna Beamforming 946

    16.9 Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) 960

    16.10 Smart-Antenna System Design, Simulation, and Results 964

    16.11 Beamforming, Diversity Combining, Rayleigh-Fading, and Trellis-Coded Modulation 972

    16.12 Other Geometries 975

    16.13 Multimedia 976

    References 976

    Problems 980

    17 Antenna Measurements 981

    17.1 Introduction 981

    17.2 Antenna Ranges 982

    17.3 Radiation Patterns 1000

    17.4 Gain Measurements 1003

    17.5 Directivity Measurements 1010

    17.6 Radiation Efficiency 1012

    17.7 Impedance Measurements 1012

    17.8 Current Measurements 1014

    17.9 Polarization Measurements 1014

    17.10 Scale Model Measurements 1019

    References 1024

    Appendix I: f(x) = sin(x)x1027

    Appendix II: f N (x) = | sin(Nx)||N sin(x) N = 1, 3, 5, 10, 20| 1029

    Appendix III: Cosine and Sine Integrals 1031

    Appendix IV: Fresnel Integrals 1033

    Appendix V: Bessel Functions 1035

    Appendix VI: Identities 1041

    Appendix VII: Vector Analysis 1045

    Appendix VIII: Method of Stationary Phase 1055

    Appendix IX: Television, Radio, Telephone, and Radar Frequency Spectrums 1061

    Index 1065