Band 776
Applications of Synchrotron Light to Scattering and Diffraction in Materials and Life Sciences
Aus der Reihe
Lecture Notes in Physics
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- Hardcover ausgewählt
- Taschenbuch
- eBook
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Sprache:Englisch
Fr. 73.90
inkl. gesetzl. MwSt.,
Beschreibung
Produktdetails
Einband
Gebundene Ausgabe
Erscheinungsdatum
15.06.2009
Abbildungen
XVI, 177 illus., 20 illus. in color., farbige Illustrationen, schwarz-weiss Illustrationen
Herausgeber
T.A. Ezquerra + weitereVerlag
Springer BerlinSeitenzahl
318
Maße (L/B/H)
24.1/16/2.6 cm
Gewicht
732 g
Auflage
2009
Sprache
Englisch
ISBN
978-3-540-95967-0
In a ?rst approximation, certainly rough, one can de?ne as non-crystalline materials those which are neither single-crystals nor poly-crystals. Within this category, we canincludedisorderedsolids,softcondensed matter,andlivesystemsamong others. Contrary to crystals, non-crystalline materials have in common that their intrinsic structures cannot be exclusively described by a discrete and periodical function but by a continuous function with short range of order. Structurally these systems have in common the relevance of length scales between those de?ned by the atomic and the macroscopic scale. In a simple ?uid, for example, mobile molecules may freely exchange their positions, so that their new positions are permutations of their old ones. By contrast, in a complex ?uid large groups of molecules may be interc- nected so that the permutation freedom within the group is lost, while the p- mutation between the groups is possible. In this case, the dominant characteristic length, which may de?ne the properties of the system, is not the molecular size but that of the groups. A central aspect of some non-crystalline materials is that they may self-organize. This is of particular importance for Soft-matter materials. Self-organization is characterized by the spontaneous creation of regular structures at different length scales which may exhibit a certain hierarchy that controls the properties of the system. X-ray scattering and diffraction have been for more than a hundred years an essential technique to characterize the structure of materials. Quite often scattering anddiffractionphenomenaexhibitedbynon-crystallinematerialshavebeenreferred to as non-crystalline diffraction.
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