Produktbild: Industrial Organic Chemicals

Industrial Organic Chemicals

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Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

11.12.2012

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons Inc

Seitenzahl

840

Maße (L/B/H)

24/16.1/4.9 cm

Gewicht

1417 g

Auflage

3rd edition

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-0-470-53743-5

Beschreibung

Rezension

"The book presents its information with concepts of sustainability and climate change in mind, covering green chemistry and renewables, including research into processes (such as electricity generation) that produce less or no carbon dioxide." ( Chemical Engineering Progress , 1 January 2013)

"Every organic chemist who contemplates a career in the field should read the book. Even future and active pharmaceutical researchers will need the chemical insight from this book to understand the nature of their starting materials. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through professionals/practitioners." ( Choice , 1 October 2013)

Zitat

"Every organic chemist who contemplates a career in the field should read the book. Even future and active pharmaceutical researchers will need the chemical insight from this book to understand the nature of their starting materials. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through professionals/practitioners." ( Choice , 1 October 2013)

Produktdetails

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

11.12.2012

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons Inc

Seitenzahl

840

Maße (L/B/H)

24/16.1/4.9 cm

Gewicht

1417 g

Auflage

3rd edition

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-0-470-53743-5

Herstelleradresse

Libri GmbH
Europaallee 1
36244 Bad Hersfeld
DE

Email: gpsr@libri.de

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  • Produktbild: Industrial Organic Chemicals
  • Preface xxiii

    Preface to the First Edition xxv

    Preface to the Second Edition xxvii

    Acknowledgments xxix

    Bryan Godel Reuben 1934-2012 xxxi

    List of Acronyms and Abbreviations xxxiii

    Introduction: How to Use Industrial Organic Chemicals, Third Edition 1

    I.1 Why This Book Was Written and How It Is Structured 2

    I.2 North American Industry Classification System 5

    I.3 Units and Nomenclature 5

    I.4 General Bibliography 6

    1. The Evolution of the Organic Chemicals Industry 13

    1.1 The National Economy 13

    1.2 Size of the Chemical Industry 16

    1.3 Characteristics of the Chemical Industry 22

    1.4 The Top Companies 43

    1.5 The Top Chemicals 44

    2. Globalization of the Chemical Industry 49

    2.1 Overcapacity 51

    2.3 Participation in International Trade 63

    2.4 Competition from Developing Countries 66

    3. Transporting Chemicals 71

    3.1 Shipping Petroleum 71

    3.2 Shipping Gas 74

    3.3 Shipping Chemicals 75

    3.4 Health and Safety 86

    3.5 Economic Aspects 87

    3.6 Trade in Specific Chemicals 88

    3.7 Top Shipping Companies 90

    4. Chemicals from Natural Gas and Petroleum 93

    4.1 Petroleum Distillation 97

    4.2 Shale Gas 100

    4.3 Naphtha Versus Gaseous Feedstocks 102

    4.4 Heavier Oil Fractions 103

    4.5 Steam Cracking and Petroleum Refining Reactions 104

    4.6 Catalytic Cracking 114

    4.7 Mechanisms of Steam and Catalytic Cracking 117

    4.8 Catalytic Reforming 119

    4.9 Oligomerization 122

    4.10 Alkylation 124

    4.11 Hydrotreating and Coking 125

    4.12 Dehydrogenation 126

    4.13 Isomerization 128

    4.14 Metathesis 128

    4.15 Function of the Refinery and the Potential Petroleum Shortage 133

    4.16 Separation of Natural Gas 136

    4.17 Oil from Tar Sands 137

    5. Chemicals and Polymers from Ethylene 139

    5.1 Ethylene Polymers 141

    5.2 Ethylene Copolymers 151

    5.3 Oligomerization 154

    5.4 Vinyl Chloride 160

    5.5 Acetaldehyde 165

    5.6 Vinyl Acetate 167

    5.7 Ethylene Oxide 169

    5.8 Styrene 177

    5.9 Ethanol 181

    5.10 Major Chemicals from Ethylene - A Summary 182

    5.11 Lesser Volume Chemicals from Ethylene 185

    6. Chemicals and Polymers from Propylene 211

    6.1 On-Purpose Propylene Production Technologies and Propane Dehydrogenation 214

    6.2 Main Polymers and Chemicals from Propylene 217

    6.3 Oligomerization 221

    6.4 Acrylic Acid 222

    6.5 Acrylonitrile 227

    6.6 Cumene/Phenol and Cumene Hydroperoxide 231

    6.7 Acetone and Isopropanol 233

    6.8 Propylene Oxide 242

    6.9 n-Butyraldehyde and Isobutyraldehyde 255

    6.10 Major Chemicals from Propylene - A Perspective 261

    6.11 Lesser Volume Chemicals from Propylene 263

    7. Chemicals from the C4 Stream 273

    7.1 Chemicals and Polymers from Butadiene 277

    7.2 Chemicals and Polymers from Isobutene 296

    7.3 Chemicals and Polymers from 1- and 2-Butenes 302

    7.4 Chemicals from n-Butane 303

    8. Chemicals from the C5 Stream 309

    8.1 Separation of the C5 Stream 311

    8.2 Isoprene 312

    8.3 Cyclopentadiene and Dicyclopentadiene 319

    8.4 Pentene-1 and Piperylene 321

    9. Chemicals from Benzene 323

    9.1 Phenol 326

    9.2 Cyclohexane 344

    9.3 Aniline 354

    9.4 Alkylbenzenes 361

    9.5 Maleic Anhydride 362

    9.6 Chlorinated Benzenes 363

    9.7 Dihydroxybenzenes 364

    9.8 Anthraquinone 370

    9.8.1 Hydrogen Peroxide 371

    10. Chemicals from Toluene 375

    10.1 Hydrodealkylation, Disproportionation, and Transalkylation 375

    10.2 Solvents 378

    10.3 Dinitrotoluene and Toluene Diisocyanate 378

    10.4 Lesser Volume Chemicals from Toluene 380

    11. Chemicals from Xylenes 383

    11.1 o-Xylene and Phthalic Anhydride 386

    11.2 m-Xylene and Isophthalic Acid 395

    11.3 p-Xylene and Terephthalic Acid/Dimethyl Terephthalate 397

    12. Chemicals from Methane 407

    12.1 Hydrocyanic Acid 408

    12.2 Halogenated Methanes 411

    12.3 Acetylene 417

    12.4 Synthesis Gas 424

    12.5 Chemicals from Synthesis Gas 429

    12.6 Carbon Monoxide Chemistry 454

    12.7 Gas-to-Liquid Fuels 459

    13. Chemicals from Alkanes 463

    13.1 Functionalization of Methane 464

    13.2 Functionalization of C2-C4 Alkanes 468

    13.3 Carbon Black 472

    14. Chemicals from Coal 475

    14.1 Chemicals from Coke Oven Distillate 477

    14.2 The Fischer-Tropsch Reaction 480

    14.3 Coal Hydrogenation 484

    14.4 Substitute Natural Gas 485

    14.5 SNG and Synthesis Gas Technology 485

    14.6 Underground Coal Gasification 488

    14.7 Calcium Carbide 488

    14.8 Coal and the Environment 490

    15. Fats and Oils 493

    15.1 Markets for Fats and Oils 495

    15.2 Purification of Fats and Oils 497

    15.3 Fatty Acids 499

    15.4 Fatty Nitrogen Compounds 502

    15.5 "Dimer" Acid 504

    15.6 Aminoamides and Imidazolines 506

    15.7 Azelaic, Pelargonic, and Petroselinic Acids 507

    15.8 Fatty Alcohols 508

    15.9 Epoxidized Oils 509

    15.10 Ricinoleic Acid 510

    15.11 Glycerol 512

    15.12 Alcoholysis of Fats and Oils 513

    15.13 Alkyl Polyglycosides 519

    15.14 Non-Caloric Fat-like Substances 519

    16. Carbohydrates 523

    16.1 Sugars and Sorbitol 523

    16.2 Furfural 530

    16.3 Starch 532

    16.4 Cellulose 535

    16.5 Gums 543

    16.6 Fermentation and Biotechnology 544

    17. How Polymers Are Made 561

    17.1 Polymerization 565

    17.2 Functionality 568

    17.3 Step Growth and Chain Growth Polymerizations 571

    17.4 Examples of Step Polymerization 605

    17.5 Polymer Properties 622

    17.6 Classes of Polymers 630

    17.7 Plastics Fabrication Techniques 631

    18. Industrial Catalysis 637

    18.1 Catalyst Choice 637

    18.2 Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis 643

    18.3 Catalyst Markets 647

    18.4 Catalysis by Acids and Bases 651

    18.5 Dual Function Catalysis 654

    18.6 Catalysis by Metals, Semiconductors, and Insulators 655

    18.7 Coordination Catalysis 657

    18.8 Enzymes 661

    18.9 Shape-Selective Catalysts 664

    18.10 Phase-Transfer and Fluorous Biphase Catalysis 669

    18.11 Nanocatalysis 670

    18.12 Catalysts of the Future 673

    19. Green Chemistry 681

    19.1 The Decline of Acetylene Chemistry 683

    19.2 Nylon 683

    19.3 Replacement of Phosgene 684

    19.4 Monomethylation by Dimethyl Carbonate 685

    19.5 Liquid and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Water 685

    19.6 Ionic Liquids 687

    19.7 Photocatalysts 690

    19.8 Paired Electrosynthesis 691

    19.9 "Green" Pharmaceuticals 692

    19.10 Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Diethanolamine 698

    19.11 Genetic Manipulation 698

    19.12 Biodegradable Packaging 698

    19.13 The Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Program 703

    20. Sustainability 707

    20.1 Climate Change 708

    20.2 Resource Depletion 712

    20.3 Energy Sources 717

    20.4 Pollution 736

    20.5 Valediction 759

    Endnotes 761

    Appendix A: A Note on Cost Calculations 765

    Appendix B: Units and Conversion Factors 771

    Appendix C: Special Units in the Chemical Industry 773

    Appendix D: The Importance of Shale Gas and Shale Oil 775

    Index 779