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  • Produktbild: Modern Crystallography II
  • Produktbild: Modern Crystallography II
Band 21

Modern Crystallography II Structure of Crystals

Aus der Reihe Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences

Fr. 137.00

inkl. gesetzl. MwSt., Versandkostenfrei

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

19.01.2012

Verlag

Springer Berlin

Seitenzahl

436

Maße (L/B/H)

22.9/15.2/2.5 cm

Gewicht

656 g

Auflage

1982

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-3-642-96621-7

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

19.01.2012

Verlag

Springer Berlin

Seitenzahl

436

Maße (L/B/H)

22.9/15.2/2.5 cm

Gewicht

656 g

Auflage

1982

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-3-642-96621-7

Herstelleradresse

Springer-Verlag KG
Sachsenplatz 4-6
1201 Wien
AT

Email: ProductSafety@springernature.com

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  • Produktbild: Modern Crystallography II
  • Produktbild: Modern Crystallography II
  • 1. Principles of Formation of the Atomic Structure of Crystals.- 1.1 The Structure of Atoms.- 1.1.1 A Crystal as an Assembly of Atoms.- 1.1.2 Electrons in an Atom.- 1.1.3 Multielectron Atoms and the Periodic System.- 1.2 Chemical Bonding Between Atoms.- 1.2.1 Types of Chemical Bonding.- 1.2.2 Ionic Bond.- 1.2.3 Covalent Bond. Valence-Bond Method.- 1.2.4 Hybridization. Conjugation.- 1.2.5 Molecular-Orbital (MO) Method.- 1.2.6 Covalent Bond in Crystals.- 1.2.7 Electron Density in a Covalent Bond.- 1.2.8 Metallic Bond.- 1.2.9 Weak (van der Waals) Bonds.- 1.2.10 Hydrogen Bonds.- 1.2.11 Magnetic Ordering.- 1.3 Energy of the Crystal Lattice.- 1.3.1 Experimental Determination of the Crystal Energy.- 1.3.2 Calculation of the Potential Energy.- 1.3.3 Organic Structures.- 1.4 Crystallochemical Radii Systems.- 1.4.1 Interatomic Distances.- 1.4.2 Atomic Radii.- 1.4.3 Ionic Radii.- 1.4.4 The System of Atomic-Ionic Radii of a Strong Bond.- 1.4.5 System of Intermolecular Radii.- 1.4.6 Weak-and Strong-Bond Radii.- 1.5 Geometric Regularities in the Atomic Structure of Crystals.- 1.5.1 The Physical and the Geometric Model of a Crystal.- 1.5.2 Structural Units of a Crystal.- 1.5.3 Maximum-Filling Principle.- 1.5.4 Relationship Between the Symmetry of Structural Units and Crystal Symmetry.- 1.5.5 Statistics of the Occurrence of Space Groups.- 1.5.6 Coordination.- 1.5.7 Classification of Structures According to the Dimensionality of Structural Groupings.- 1.5.8 Coordination Structures.- 1.5.9 Relationship Between Coordination and Atomic Sizes.- 1.5.10 Closest Packings.- 1.5.11 Structures of Compounds Based on Close Packing of Spheres.- 1.5.12 Insular, Chain and Layer Structures.- 1.6 Solid Solutions and Isomorphism.- 1.6.1 Isostructural Crystals.- 1.6.2 Isomorphism.- 1.6.3 Substitutional Solid Solutions.- 1.6.4 Interstitial Solid Solutions.- 1.6.5 Modulated and Incommensurate Structures.- 1.6.6 Composite Ultrastructures.- 2. Principal Types of Crystal Structures.- 2.1 Crystal Structures of Elements.- 2.1.1 Principal Types of Structures of Elements.- 2.1.2 Crystallochemical Properties of Elements.- 2.2 Intermetallic Structures.- 2.2.1 Solid Solutions and Their Ordering.- 2.2.2 Electron Compounds.- 2.2.3 Intermetallic Compounds.- 2.3 Structures with Bonds of Ionic Nature.- 2.3.1 Structures of Halides, Oxides and Salts.- 2.3.2 Silicates.- 2.3.3 Superionic Conductors.- 2.4 Covalent Structures.- 2.5 Structure of Complex and Related Compounds.- 2.5.1 Complex Compounds.- 2.5.2 Compounds with Metal Atom Clusters.- 2.5.3 Metal-Molecular Bonds (? Complexes of Transition Metals).- 2.5.4 Compounds of Inert Elements.- 2.6 Principles of Organic Crystal Chemistry.- 2.6.1 The Structure of Organic Molecules.- 2.6.2 Symmetry of Molecules.- 2.6.3 Packing of Molecules in a Crystal.- 2.6.4 Crystals with Hydrogen Bonds.- 2.6.5 Clathrate and Molecular Compounds.- 2.7 Structure of High-Polymer Substances.- 2.7.1 Noncrystallographic Ordering.- 2.7.2 Structure of Chain Molecules of High Polymers.- 2.7.3 Structure of a Polymer Substance.- 2.7.4 Polymer Crystals.- 2.7.5 Disordering in Polymer Structures.- 2.8 Structure of Liquid Crystals.- 2.8.1 Molecule Packing in Liquid Crystals.- 2.8.2 Types of Liquid-Crystal Ordering.- 2.9 Structures of Substances of Biological Origin.- 2.9.1 Types of Biological Molecules.- 2.9.2 Principles of Protein Structure.- 2.9.3 Fibrous Proteins.- 2.9.4 Globular Proteins.- 2.9.5 Structure of Nucleic Acids.- 2.9.6 Structure of Viruses.- 3. Band Energy Structure of Crystals.- 3.1 Electron Motion in the Ideal Crystal.- 3.1.1 Schrödinger Equation and Born-Karman Boundary Conditions.- 3.1.2 Energy Spectrum of an Electron.- 3.2 Brillouin Zones.- 3.2.1 Energy Spectrum of an Electron in the Weak-Bond Approximation.- 3.2.2 Faces of Brillouin Zones and the Laue Condition.- 3.2.3 Band Boundaries and the Structure Factor.- 3.3 Isoenergetic Surfaces. Fermi Surface and Band Structure.- 3.3.1 Energy Spectrum of an Electron in the Strong-Bond Approximation.- 3.3.2 Fermi Surfaces.- 4. Lattice Dynamics and Phase Transitions.- 4.1 Atomic Vibrations in a Crystal.- 4.1.1 Vibrations of a Linear Atomic Chain.- 4.1.2 Vibration Branches.- 4.1.3 Phonons.- 4.2 Heat Capacity, Thermal Expansion, and Thermal Conductivity of Crystals.- 4.2.1 Heat Capacity.- 4.2.2 Linear Thermal Expansion.- 4.2.3 Thermal Conductivity.- 4.3 Polymorphism. Phase Transitions.- 4.3.1 Phase Transitions of the First and Second Order.- 4.3.2 Phase Transitions and the Structure.- 4.4 Atomic Vibrations and Polymorphous Transitions.- 4.5 Ordering-Type Phase Transitions.- 4.6 Phase Transitions and Electron—Phonon Interaction.- 4.6.1 Contribution of Electrons to the Free Energy of the Crystal.- 4.6.2 Interband Electron—Phonon Interaction.- 4.6.3 Photostimulated Phase Transitions.- 4.6.4 Curie Temperature and the Energy Gap Width.- 4.7 Debye’s Equation of State and Grüneisen’s Formula.- 4.8 Phase Transitions and Crystal Symmetry.- 4.8.1 Second-Order Phase Transitions.- 4.8.2 Description of Second -Order Transitions with an Allowance for the Symmetry.- 4.8.3 Phase Transitions Without Changing the Number of Atoms in the Unit Cell of a Crystal.- 4.8.4 Changes in Crystal Properties on Phase Transitions.- 4.8.5 Properties of Twins (Domains) Forming on Phase Transformations.- 4.8.6 Stability of the Homogeneous State of the Low-Symmetry Phase.- 5. The Structure of Real Crystals.- 5.1 Classification of Crystal Lattice Defects.- 5.2 Point Defects of the Crystal Lattice.- 5.2.1 Vacancies and Interstitial Atoms.- 5.2.2 Role of Impurities, Electrons, and Holes.- 5.2.3 Effect of External Influences.- 5.3 Dislocations.- 5.3.1 Burgers Circuit and Vector.- 5.3.2 Elastic Field of Straight Dislocation.- 5.3.3 Dislocation Reactions.- 5.3.4 Polygonal Dislocations.- 5.3.5 Curved Dislocations.- 5.4 Stacking Faults and Partial Dislocations.- 5.5 Continuum Description of Dislocations.- 5.5.1 Dislocation-Density Tensor.- 5.5.2 Example: A Dislocation Row.- 5.5.3 Scalar Dislocation Density.- 5.6 Subgrain Boundaries (Mosaic Structures) in Crystals.- 5.6.1 Examples of Subgrain Boundaries: A Tilt Boundary and a Twist Boundary.- 5.6.2 The Dislocation Structure of the Subgrain Boundary in General.- 5.6 3 Subgrain Boundary Energy.- 5.6.4 Incoherent Boundaries.- 5.7 Twins.- 5.7.1 Twinning Operations.- 5.7.2 Twinning With a Change in Crystal Shape.- 5.7.3 Twinning Without a Change in Shape.- 5.8 Direct Observation of Lattice Defects.- 5.8.1 Ionic Microscopy.- 5.8.2 Electron Microscopy.- 5.8.3 X-Ray Topography.- 5.8.4 Photoelasticity Method.- 5.8.5 Selective Etching Method.- 5.8.6 Investigation of the Crystal Surface.- References.