• Produktbild: Osmoregulation in Birds
  • Produktbild: Osmoregulation in Birds
Band 12

Osmoregulation in Birds

Aus der Reihe Zoophysiology

Fr. 137.00

inkl. gesetzl. MwSt., Versandkostenfrei


Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

15.12.2011

Verlag

Springer Berlin

Seitenzahl

205

Maße (L/B/H)

24.4/17/1.3 cm

Gewicht

389 g

Auflage

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1981

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-3-642-81587-4

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

15.12.2011

Verlag

Springer Berlin

Seitenzahl

205

Maße (L/B/H)

24.4/17/1.3 cm

Gewicht

389 g

Auflage

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1981

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-3-642-81587-4

Herstelleradresse

Springer-Verlag KG
Sachsenplatz 4-6
1201 Wien
AT

Email: ProductSafety@springernature.com

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  • Produktbild: Osmoregulation in Birds
  • Produktbild: Osmoregulation in Birds
  • 1 Introduction.- 1.1 Problems of Osmoregulation.- 1.2 Review of Reviews.- 1.3 Anatomy of Body Fluids.- 2 Intake of Water and Sodium Chloride.- 2.1 Thirst and Appetite for Salt.- 2.2 Problems of Interpretation of Preference and Discrimination Tests.- 2.3 Drinking of Fresh Water.- 2.3.1 Total Water Deprivation.- 2.3.2 Water Turnover in Carnivorous Birds.- 2.4 Salinity Tolerance.- 2.4.1 Intake of Saline Solutions by Birds with Salt Glands.- 2.5 Salt Requirements of Domestic Birds.- 3 Uptake Through the Gut.- 3.1 Absorption of Salt and Water in the Small Intestine.- 3.2 Osmotic and Solute Composition of Contents of the Small Intestine.- 3.3 Caecum: Role in Osmoregulation.- 3.3.1 Presence of Caeca.- 3.3.2 Flow of Material into the Caeca.- 3.3.3 Mechanical Regulation of Inflow in the Caeca.- 3.3.4 Quantitative Studies of Caecal Function.- 3.3.5 Faecal Water Content After Caecectomy.- 3.3.6 Role of Caecum in Avian Nutrition.- 4 Evaporation.- 4.1 Evaporation from Resting Birds Under Thermoneutrality.- 4.1.1 Relationship Between Body Weight and Oxygen Uptake.- 4.1.2 Relationship Between Body Weight and Evaporation.- 4.1.3 Other Questions in Relation to Evaporation.- 4.2 Reaction to Heat Loads.- 4.3 Reaction to Dehydration.- 5 Function of the Kidney.- 5.1 Excretion of Water and Salts.- 5.1.1 Renal Anatomy.- 5.1.2 Circulation of the Kidney.- 5.1.3 Renal Plasma Flow.- 5.1.4 Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR).- 5.1.5 Renal Excretion of Sodium and Water.- 5.1.6 Determinations of Single-Nephron Glomerular Filtration Rates (SNGFR).- 5.1.7 Renal Concentrating Ability.- 5.1.8 Renal Excretion of Chloride and Potassium Ions.- 5.1.9 Concentration of Several Ions in Ureteral Urine.- 5.1.10 The Basis of Hypertonicity in the Medullary Cones.- 5.1.11 Correlation of Structure and Function.- 5.2 Action of Antidiuretic Hormones.- 5.2.1 Investigations of Mammalian Hormones.- 5.2.2 Amount of Arginine Vasotocin in the Neurohypophysis.- 5.2.3 Diabetes Insipidus.- 5.2.4 Renal Effects of Arginine Vasotocin.- 5.2.5 Metabolism of AVT, Plasma Concentrations, and Effects on Plasma Parameters.- 5.3 Renal Nitrogen Excretion.- 5.3.1 Excretion of Uric Acid and Urates.- 5.3.2 Quantitative Role of Cation Trapping in Precipitates of Uric Acid.- 5.3.3 Excretion of Urea.- 6 Function of the Cloaca.- 6.1 General Aspects of Cloacal Function.- 6.1.1 Anatomy of the Cloaca.- 6.1.2 Storage of Urine in Coprodeum and Large Intestine.- 6.1.3 “Anatomy” of the Droppings.- 6.1.4 Water Content of Faeces.- 6.2 Studies of Cloacal Absorption of Ureteral Urine.- 6.2.1 Separation of Ureteral Urine and Cloacal Faeces.- 6.2.2 Indirect Estimate of Cloacal Absorption of Ureteral Urine by Comparison of Normal Rate of Formation of Droppings and Flow Rate of Ureteral Urine.- 6.2.3 Simultaneous Collection of Ureteral Urine and Faeces.- 6.3 In-vivo Instillation and Perfusion Studies.- 6.3.1 Early Observations.- 6.3.2 Basic Measurements of Transport Parameters of NaCI and Water of Coprodeum and Colon.- 6.3.3 Changes of Parameters of Cloacal Transport Induced by Hydration and Dehydration and by Salt Loading and Depletion.- 6.3.4 Absorption/Secretion of K, NH4, and PO4.- 6.4 In-vitro Studies of Transport Parameters of Coprodeum and Colon of the Domestic Fowl.- 6.4.1 In-vitro Studies in the Galah.- 6.4.2 In-vitro Studies in Ducks.- 6.4.3 Comparison of In-vivo and In-vitro Experiments.- 6.5 Effects of Aldosterone on Cloacal Transport.- 7 Function of the Salt Gland.- 7.1 Development of the Gland.- 7.2 Stimulus for Secretion.- 7.3 The Flow Rate and Ionic Composition of the Salt-Gland Fluid.- 7.4 Mechanism of Secretion.- 7.5 Adaptation and Hormones.- 7.6 Quantitative Role of Salt Gland in Excretion of an Acute Salt Load and Relation to Kidney/Cloaca in Salt/Water Balance.- 8 Interaction Among the Excretory Organs.- 8.1 Birds Without Salt Glands.- 8.1.1 Water and Salt Loading.- 8.1.2 Dehydration.- 8.1.3 Fractional Absorption/Secretion of K, NH4 and PO4.- 8.2 Birds with Salt Glands.- 9 A Brief Survey of Hormones and Osmoregulation.- 9.1 Corticosterone and Aldosterone.- 9.2 Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal Hormones.- 9.3 The Pituitary-Adrenal Axis; Renal and Extrarenal Secretions.- 9.4 A Note on the Renin-Angiotensin System of Birds.- 10 Problems of Life in the Desert, of Migration, and of Egg-Laying.- 10.1 Desert Birds.- 10.1.1 The Zebra Finch.- 10.1.2 The Budgerigar.- 10.1.3 Larks from the Namib Desert and Gambel’s Quail.- 10.1.4 The Ostrich.- 10.2 Problems of Osmoregulation During Migratory Flights.- 10.2.1 Water Balance During Migratory Flights.- 10.2.2 Calculations and Measurements of Energy Expenditure and Evaporative Water Loss During Migratory Flights.- 10.3 Osmotic Problems of Nestling Birds.- 10.3.1 Water Transport by Sand Grouse Feathers.- 10.4 Water and Salt Metabolism in Relation to Egg-Laying.- 10.4.1 Water Intake.- References.- Systematic and Species Index.