ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix
GENERAL INTRODUCTION xi
Francis BALESTRA
INTRODUCTION TO VOLUME 2: SILICON NANOWIRE BIO-CHEMICAL SENSORS 1
Francis BALESTRA
CHAPTER 1. SMALL SLOPE SWITCHES 5
Adrian M. IONESCU and Francis BALESTRA, Kathy BOUCART, Giovanni SALVATORE and Alexandru RUSU
1.1. Introduction 5
1.2. Tunnel FETs 6
1.3. Ferroelectric gate FET 14
1.4. Bibliography 21
CHAPTER 2. NANOWIRE DEVICES 25
Gérard GHIBAUDO, Sylvain BARRAUD, Mikaël CASSÉ, Xin Peng WANG, Guo Qiang LO, Dim-Lee KWONG, Marco PALA and Zheng FANG
2.1. Introduction 25
2.2. NW for logic CMOS devices 26
2.2.1. NW fabrication and technology 26
2.2.2. Quantum simulation of NWs 37
2.2.3. Electrical characterization of NWs 49
2.3. Nano-CMOS ultimate memories 66
2.3.1. Overview of memory 66
2.3.2. NW application in the evolutive solution path 67
2.3.3. NW technology along the disruptive solution path 73
2.4. Conclusions 81
2.5. Acknowledgments 82
2.6. Bibliography 82
CHAPTER 3. GRAPHENE AND 2D LAYER DEVICES FOR MORE MOORE AND MORE-THAN-MOORE APPLICATIONS 97
Max C. LEMME
3.1. Introduction 97
3.2. Graphene 98
3.2.1. Graphene fabrication 98
3.2.2. Macroscopic graphene field effect transistors 101
3.2.3. Graphene nanoribbon transistors 103
3.2.4. Bilayer graphene and substrate effects 105
3.2.5. RF transistors 106
3.2.6. Alternative graphene switches 107
3.3. 2D materials beyond graphene 108
3.4. Conclusions 109
3.5. Acknowledgments 110
3.6. Bibliography 110
CHAPTER 4. NANOELECTROMECHANICAL SWITCHES 117
Hervé FANET
4.1. Context 117
4.2. Nanorelay principles 118
4.2.1. The electrostatic actuation 119
4.2.2. The piezoelectrical actuation 120
4.2.3. The magnetic actuation 120
4.2.4. The thermal actuation 120
4.3. Electrostatic nanorelay modeling and optimization 121
4.3.1. Dynamic modeling 121
4.3.2. Quasi-static modeling 124
4.4. Technological challenges for NEMS computing 127
4.4.1. Low voltage operation 127
4.4.2. Reliability of contact technology 128
4.5. NEMS-based architectures 129
4.5.1. Conventional architectures 129
4.5.2. Adiabatic architectures 130
4.6. Conclusions 131
4.7. Bibliography 132
LIST OF AUTHORS 133
INDEX 135
