Produktbild: Necropsy Guide for Dogs, Cats, and Small Mammals

Necropsy Guide for Dogs, Cats, and Small Mammals

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Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

06.02.2017

Herausgeber

Sean P. McDonough + weitere

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons

Seitenzahl

224

Maße (L/B/H)

24.6/18.7/1.7 cm

Gewicht

499 g

Auflage

1. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-119-11565-6

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

06.02.2017

Herausgeber

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons

Seitenzahl

224

Maße (L/B/H)

24.6/18.7/1.7 cm

Gewicht

499 g

Auflage

1. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-119-11565-6

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  • Produktbild: Necropsy Guide for Dogs, Cats, and Small Mammals
  • List of Contributors xv
    Foreword xvii
    Acknowledgments xix
    About the Companion Website xxi
    Part I Necropsy Fundamentals 1
    1 Introduction to the Necropsy 3
    Sean P. McDonough and Teresa Southard
    1.1 What is a Necropsy? 3
    1.2 Why do a Necropsy? 3
    1.3 What Information Can and Cannot Be Gained from a Necropsy 3
    1.4 When to Refer a Necropsy 4
    2 Necropsy Basics 9
    Sean P. McDonough and Teresa Southard
    2.1 Necropsy Facilities 9
    2.2 Necropsy Equipment 9
    2.3 Safety Considerations 13
    2.3.1 Cuts and Punctures 14
    2.3.2 Zoonotic Disease 14
    2.3.3 Formalin 15
    2.4 The Importance of a Good History 15
    2.5 The Necropsy Report 15
    2.5.1 Gross Description 15
    2.5.2 Gross Findings 16
    2.5.3 Gross Diagnosis 16
    2.5.4 Comment 16
    2.6 Postmortem Changes 16
    3 The Necropsy Procedure 21
    Sean P. McDonough and Teresa Southard
    3.1 Introduction 21
    3.2 Weigh the Body 21
    3.3 External Examination 21
    3.4 Reflect the Skin and Right Limbs 22
    3.5 Open the Abdominal Cavity 26
    3.6 Puncture the Diaphragm 27
    3.7 Open the Thoracic Cavity 27
    3.8 Open the Pericardium 28
    3.9 In Situ Examination of Organs 29
    3.10 Remove the Adrenal Glands 30
    3.11 Remove the Pluck 30
    3.12 Remove the Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Spleen 32
    3.13 Remove the Urogenital Organs 34
    3.14 Remove the Head 35
    3.15 Take Out the Eyes 35
    3.16 Remove the Brain 36
    3.17 Remove the Pituitary Gland 37
    Bibliography 37
    Part II Organ Systems 39
    4 The Integumentary System 41
    Jeanine Peters-Kennedy
    4.1 Anatomy Review 41
    4.1.1 External Ear Canal Anatomy 42
    4.2 In Situ Examination and Removal 42
    4.2.1 Primary Lesions 42
    4.2.2 Lesions that May Be Primary or Secondary 43
    4.2.3 Secondary Skin Lesions 43
    4.3 Organ Examination, Sectioning, and Fixation 44
    4.3.1 Cytology 44
    4.3.2 Skin Scrapes 44
    4.3.3 Hair Examination (Trichogram) 44
    4.3.4 Examination of the External Ear Canal 44
    4.3.5 Sampling the Skin 45
    4.4 Common Artifacts and Postmortem Changes 46
    Bibliography 46
    5 The Musculoskeletal System 49
    Teresa Southard
    5.1 Anatomy Review 49
    5.1.1 Bones and Joints 49
    5.1.2 Teeth 51
    5.1.3 Skeletal Muscle 52
    5.2 In Situ Evaluation, Sectioning, and Fixation 52
    5.2.1 Bones 52
    5.2.2 Joints, Tendons, and Ligaments 54
    5.2.3 Skeletal Muscle 55
    5.3 Special Techniques 55
    5.3.1 Postmortem Imaging 55
    5.3.2 Cleaning Bones 56
    5.3.3 India Ink Evaluation of Articular Cartilage 56
    5.3.4 Examining the Intervertebral Discs 56
    5.3.5 Submitting Muscle for Additional Tests 56
    5.4 Common Artifacts and Postmortem Changes 56
    Bibliography 57
    6 The Cardiovascular System 59
    Kathleen M. Kelly
    6.1 Anatomy Review 59
    6.1.1 Right Heart 59
    6.1.2 Left Heart 60
    6.1.3 Vessels: Great and Small 60
    6.1.4 Contextual Cardiac Embryology and Congenital Heart Malformations 62
    6.2 In Situ Evaluation and Removal 63
    6.3 Organ Examination, Sectioning, and Fixation 64
    6.4 Common Artifacts, Non-lesions, and Postmortem Changes 66
    Bibliography 68
    7 The Respiratory System 69
    Elizabeth L. Buckles and Teresa Southard
    7.1 Anatomy Review 69
    7.2 In Situ Evaluation and Removal 71
    7.3 Organ Examination, Sectioning, and Fixation 72
    7.3.1 Larynx and Trachea 72
    7.3.2 Lungs 73
    7.3.3 Nasal Cavity and Sinuses 74
    7.4 Special Techniques 74
    7.5 Common Artifacts and Postmortem Changes 75
    Bibliography 75
    8 The Alimentary System 77
    Gerald E. Duhamel
    8.1 Anatomy Review 77
    8.1.1 The Oropharyngeal Cavity 77
    8.1.2 The Salivary Glands 78
    8.1.3 The Esophagus 78
    8.1.4 The Stomach 79
    8.1.5 The Small Intestine 79
    8.1.6 The Large Intestine 81
    8.1.7 The Intestinal Vasculature and Nervous System 82
    8.2 In Situ Evaluation and Removal 82
    8.2.1 The Esophagus 83
    8.2.2 The Gastrointestinal Tract 83
    8.3 Organ Examination, Sectioning, and Fixation 85
    8.3.1 Gastrointestinal Tract 85
    8.4 Special Techniques 87
    8.5 Common Artifacts and Postmortem Changes 88
    Bibliography 89
    9 The Liver and Pancreas 91
    Sean P. McDonough
    9.1 Anatomy Review 91
    9.1.1 The Liver 91
    9.1.2 The Pancreas 93
    9.2 In Situ Evaluation and Removal 94
    9.2.1 The Liver 94
    9.2.2 The Pancreas 96
    9.3 Organ Examination, Sectioning, and Fixation 96
    9.3.1 The Liver 96
    9.3.2 The Pancreas 98
    9.4 Common Artifacts and Postmortem Changes 98
    9.4.1 The Liver 98
    9.4.2 The Pancreas 99
    Bibliography 99
    10 The Urogenital System 101
    Teresa Southard
    10.1 Anatomy Review 101
    10.2 In Situ Evaluation and Removal 103
    10.3 Organ Examination, Sectioning, and Fixation 103
    10.3.1 Kidneys 103
    10.3.2 Ureters 104
    10.3.3 Bladder and Urethra 104
    10.3.4 Ovaries 105
    10.3.5 Oviduct/Uterus/Cervix/Vagina 105
    10.3.6 Testes/Epididymides/Ductus Deferens 105
    10.3.7 Prostate Gland 105
    10.3.8 Bulbourethral Gland (Cats Only) 106
    10.3.9 Distal Colon/Rectum/Anus 106
    10.4 Special Techniques 106
    10.5 Common Artifacts and Postmortem Changes 106
    Bibliography 106
    11 The Nervous System 107
    Andrew D. Miller
    11.1 Anatomy Review 107
    11.2 In Situ Evaluation and Removal 108
    11.2.1 Brain 108
    11.2.2 Spinal Cord 109
    11.2.3 Peripheral Nerves 110
    11.3 Organ Examination, Sectioning, and Fixation 110
    11.3.1 Brain 110
    11.3.2 Spinal Cord 112
    11.3.3 Nerves 112
    11.4 Common Artifacts and Postmortem Changes 112
    Bibliography 113
    12 The Eye and Ear 115
    Sean P. McDonough
    12.1 The Eye 115
    12.1.1 Anatomy Review 115
    12.1.2 In Situ Evaluation and Removal 115
    12.1.3 Examination, Sectioning, and Fixation 117
    12.2 The Ear 119
    12.2.1 Anatomy Review 119
    12.2.2 In Situ Evaluation and Removal 122
    12.2.3 Examination, Sectioning, and Fixation 122
    Bibliography 123
    13 The Endocrine System 125
    Sean P. McDonough
    13.1 Anatomy Review 125
    13.1.1 The Pituitary Gland 125
    13.1.2 The Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands 125
    13.1.3 The Endocrine Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans) 126
    13.1.4 The Adrenal Glands 126
    13.2 In Situ Evaluation and Removal 127
    13.2.1 The Pituitary Gland 127
    13.2.2 The Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands 128
    13.2.3 The Endocrine Pancreas 129
    13.2.4 The Adrenal Glands 130
    13.3 Organ Examination, Sectioning, and Fixation 130
    13.3.1 The Pituitary Gland 130
    13.3.2 The Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands 131
    13.3.3 The Endocrine Pancreas 131
    13.3.4 The Adrenal Glands 131
    13.4 Common Artifacts and Postmortem Changes 132
    14 The Lymphoreticular System 133
    Sean P. McDonough
    14.1 Anatomy Review 133
    14.1.1 Thymus 133
    14.1.2 Lymph Nodes 133
    14.1.3 Spleen 133
    14.1.4 Bone Marrow 135
    14.2 In Situ Evaluation and Removal 135
    14.2.1 Thymus 135
    14.2.2 Lymph Nodes 136
    14.2.3 Spleen 136
    14.2.4 Bone Marrow 138
    14.3 Organ Examination, Sectioning, and Fixation 138
    14.3.1 Thymus 138
    14.3.2 Lymph Nodes 138
    14.3.3 Spleen 140
    14.3.4 Bone Marrow 140
    14.4 Incidental Findings 141
    Part III Special Cases 143
    15 Small Mammal Necropsies 145
    Teresa Southard
    15.1 Species Differences 145
    15.2 Necropsy Technique 145
    Bibliography 151
    16 Fetuses and Neonatal Animals 153
    Teresa Southard
    16.1 Anatomy 153
    16.1.1 Placenta 153
    16.1.2 Umbilical Cord 153
    16.1.3 Fetal Circulation 153
    16.2 Necropsy Technique 154
    16.3 Common Artifacts and Postmortem Changes 156
    Part IV Additional Testing 157
    17 Cytology 159
    Teresa Southard
    17.1 Types of Cytology Preparations 159
    17.2 Making a Touch Imprint 159
    17.3 Making a Bone Marrow Smear 159
    17.4 Other Preparations 160
    17.5 Staining 160
    17.6 Atlas of Normal Tissues 161
    18 Histopathology 165
    Sean P. McDonough and Teresa Southard
    18.1 Necropsy Samples for Histopathology 165
    18.2 Fixation 165
    18.3 Practical Guidelines to Optimize Fixation 168
    19 Infectious Disease Testing 171
    Teresa Southard
    19.1 Test Types 171
    19.2 Aerobic Culture 171
    19.3 Anaerobic Culture 173
    19.4 Fungal Culture 173
    19.5 Fluorescent Antibody Tests 174
    19.6 PCR 174
    19.7 ELISA 174
    19.8 Virus Isolation 174
    19.9 Qualitative Fecal 174
    19.10 Immunohistochemistry 174
    20 Toxicology Testing 175
    Teresa Southard
    Bibliography 175
    21 Packaging and Shipping Samples 179
    Sean P. McDonough
    21.1 Packing Samples to Send to the Lab 180
    Bibliography 180
    Appendix 1: Normal Organ Weights (Percentage Body Weight) 183
    Appendix 2: North American Diagnostic Laboratories 187
    Appendix 3: Tissue Collection Checklist 193
    Appendix 4: Describing Gross Lesions 195
    Index 197