List of Maps, Figures, Illustrations and Tables
Acknowledgements
Note on Transliteration
Introduction
- Kazakhstani Germans and the Study of Nationalities in Central Asia
- Concepts of Ethnicity
- Based on Cultural Grounds - Ethnicity as a Resource - Categorization and Power - A Product of Individual Life Experience - Ethnic Boundaries as Cultural Schemas
- Fieldwork in Taldykorgan
PART I: MEMORIES, HISTORIES AND LIFE STORIES
Chapter 1. Memories and Histories
- Shifting Memories of the Past
- The Deportation of 1941 - Discrimination against Germans - Transition and Continuity - The Hard-Working German
- The Russian Empire: Colonization of the Kazakh Steppe
- The Russian Empire: the Settlers from the German States
- The Soviet Union: Concepts of Nation and Nationality
- The Soviet Union: Its Formation and Nationality Policies
- National Delineation - Collectivization - Facing the Menace of the German Reich: The Passport System and Deportations - The Kazakh SSR after 1945
- Kazakhstan: The Formation of a Nation-State and the Role of Nationality
- 'Kazakhization' - Language Policies - Kazakhstani Identity - Kazakhstani Germans
Chapter 2. The Enmeshment of Identities and Life Stories
- The Truth of Life Stories
- Four Life Stories, Four Identity Types
- Soviet Identity - Kazakhstani Identity - Russian German Identity - Kazakhstani German Identity
- Summary
PART II: NATIONALITY, POWER AND CHANGE
Chapter 3. Assessing Nationality
- Nationality as a Unifier of Territorial Belonging, Language, Religion
- and 'Mentality'
- Common Ancestry - Language - Religion - 'Mentality'
- National Dichotomies
- Kazakh Primordialism vs. Russian Constructionism
- Kazakhs' Esteem - Russians' Inclusiveness
- Normative Entanglements
- Summary
Chapter 4. Everyday Nationality in the Kazakh Nation-State
- 'The Friendship of Peoples-Is Our Wealth!'
- Losing Language Hegemony
- Identification: Strategies and Emotions
- Kazakhstan as a Homeland
- Summary
PART III: NON-MIGRANTS' SOCIAL TIES
Migration and Social Networks
Chapter 5. Relations in the Locality: Ethnic Mixing and Missing Kazakhs
- The Relevance of Nationality in Personal Networks
- The Relevance of Nationality in Marriages
- Is there a 'German Community' in Taldykorgan?
- Summary
Chapter 6. Disruption in the Transnational Social Field
- Relatives and Friends Abroad
- Exodus to a 'Historic Homeland'
- Views on Germany
- Networks and Identity
- Summary
PART IV: THE EFFECT OF TWO STATES' POLICIES OF 'GERMANNESS' ON KAZAKHSTANI GERMANS
Chapter 7. Changing Transnational Institutions
- The 'German House'
- Support from Germany
- Socializing with other Germans
- A Parish in Transition from 'German' to 'Lutheran'
- The German House in Transition
- Summary
Chapter 8. The Divergent Ethnic Policies of Kazakhstan and Germany
- The Kazakh State's Official Promotion of Interethnic Harmony
- The German State's Contradictory Policies
- Summary
Conclusion: Germans at Home in Kazakhstan
- Identity and Memories
- Identities and Identifications
- Friendship of the Peoples?
- Exclusion through Inclusion: The Role of Personal and Institutional Links to Germany
References
Appendix
