I Co-operative Processes and the Production of Scientific Knowledge.- The Theoretical Significance of Co-operative Research.- The Practical Management of Scientists’ Actions: The Influence of Patterns of Knowledge Development in Biology on Cooperations Between University Biologists and Non-Scientists.- II Collaborations Between Scientists and Non-Scientists at the Grassroots.- Cooperation Between Medical Researchers and a Self-Help Movement: The Case of the German Retinitis Pigmentosa Society.- The Knowledge Interests of the Environmental Movement and Its Potential for Influencing the Development of Science.- The Scientist, the Fisherman and the Oyster Farmer.- What We Have Learned from the Amsterdam Science Shop.- III Collaborations in National Contexts.- The Orientation of the Public Sciences in a Post-Colonial-Society: The Experience of India.- Workers’ Faculties and the Development of Science Cadres in the First Decade of Soviet Power.- Intellectuals in Social Movements: The Experts of “Solidarity”.- IV Collaborations and the Emergence of New Scientific Fields.- Social Change, Trade Union Politics, and Sociology of Work.- Social Sciences and Political Projects: Reform Coalitions Between Social Scientists and Policy-Makers in France, Italy, and West Germany.- Attracting Audiences and the Emergence of Toxicology as a Practical Science.- Epilogue.- The Causes and Consequences of Collaborations Between Scientists and Non-Scientific Groups.