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Produktbild: Economic Aspects of German Unification

Economic Aspects of German Unification Expectations, Transition Dynamics and International Perspectives

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Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

24.11.2011

Herausgeber

Paul J.J. Welfens

Verlag

Springer Berlin

Seitenzahl

531

Maße (L/B/H)

24.2/17/3 cm

Gewicht

933 g

Auflage

Second Edition 1996

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-3-642-79974-7

Beschreibung

Portrait

Paul J. J. Welfens, geb. 1957 in Düren, Studium der Volkswirtschaftslehre in Wuppertal, Duisburg und Paris, Promotion 1985, Habilitation1989. Inhaber des Lehrstuhls für Volkswirtschaftslehre - Schwerpunkt Makroökonomische Theorie und Politik an der Bergischen Universität Wuppertal; Präsident des Europäischen Instituts für Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen (EIIW); Jean-Monnet-Professor für Europäische Wirtschaftsintegration; zuvor Distinguished Research Fellow am AICGS/The Johns Hopkins University, Professor an der Universität Münster bzw. Potsdam, Visiting Alfred Grosser Professor Sciences Po, Paris.

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

24.11.2011

Herausgeber

Paul J.J. Welfens

Verlag

Springer Berlin

Seitenzahl

531

Maße (L/B/H)

24.2/17/3 cm

Gewicht

933 g

Auflage

Second Edition 1996

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-3-642-79974-7

Herstelleradresse

Springer-Verlag KG
Sachsenplatz 4-6
1201 Wien
AT

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  • Produktbild: Economic Aspects of German Unification
  • Introduction: Economic Aspects of German Unification.- I. Structural and Macroeconomic Changes.- A. The Structural Renewal of Eastern Germany: Some Initial Observations.- 1. Introduction: Why Structural Analysis of the East German Economy?.- 2. Determinants of Structural Development.- 2.1 The Economic Policy Framework.- 2.2 The Factors of Production and their Prices.- 3. Structural Changes in the Eastern German Economy.- 3.1 Industrial Structures.- 3.1.1 Production.- 3.1.2 Factor Input.- 3.1.3 Agriculture.- 3.1.4 Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises.- 3.1.5 Production and Employment Structures.- 3.1.6 Economic Structures in East and West Germany — a First Appraisal.- 4. Conclusions.- B. Integrating the East German States into the German Economy: Opportunities, Burdens and Options.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Currency Union: Its Genesis and Impact.- 3. Pattern and Extent of Structural Adjustment Needed.- 4. The Starting Position of Individual Industries.- 5. Reconstructing the Capital Stock.- 6. Structural Adjustment Policy.- 7. The Financial Burden on the Public Sector.- 8. Concluding Remarks.- 9. Postscriptum: East Germany in Transition.- 9.1 Macro-Economic Imbalance.- 9.2 Structural Adjustment.- 9.3 External Trade.- 9.4 Employment and Growth Potential.- C. Sectoral Shocks and Structural Adjustment in the East German Transformation Process.- 1. Unification Concept and Transformation Shocks.- 2. Past Macroeconomic and Sectoral Performance.- 2.1 Production and Employment Trends.- 2.2 Manufacturing.- 2.3 Small Businesses.- 2.4 Services.- 3. Investment and Labor Productivity.- 3.1 Investment Activities.- 3.2 Labor Productivity.- 4. Regional Developments.- 5. Policy Orientation and Growth Prospects.- 6. Conclusions.- D. Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations after German Unification: Problems and Solutions.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Basic Elements of the System of Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations in Germany.- 2.1 The Distribution of Public Functions between Levels of Government.- 2.2 The Structure of Public Revenues.- 2.3 Primary and Secondary Distribution of Taxes: An Overview.- 2.4 The Vertical Assignment of Tax-Revenues.- 2.5 Horizontal Allotment of Local Tax Returns.- 2.6 Fiscal Equalization Among Länder.- 2.6.1 Horizontal Turnover Tax Distribution.- 2.6.2 The Fiscal Equalization Among Länder.- 2.6.3 The Federal Supplementary Grants and Other Elements of the System of Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations.- 3. Interim Regulations for Unified Germany and their Necessity.- 3.1 The Political and Economic Framework after Unification: The Development 1990–1994.- 3.1.1 The Situation in East Germany.- 3.1.2 The Situation in West Germany.- 3.1.3 The Necessity for Interim Regulations.- 3.2 Interim Regulations for the New Länder until 1994.- 3.2.1 Separated Turnover Tax Distribution.- 3.2.2 A Separated Fiscal Equalization System Among Länder.- 3.2.3 The German Unity Fund.- 4. Long-Term Solutions for Newly Formed Germany: The Federal Consolidation Program and Subsequent Measures.- 4.1 Overview.- 4.2 Changes in the Turnover Tax Distribution.- 4.3 Changes in the Horizontal Fiscal Equalization System Among Länder.- 4.4 New Functions for the Federal Supplementary Grants and the Financial Aids.- 4.5 Financing the New Regulations.- 5. Conclusion.- E. Macroeconomic Aspects of German Unification.- 1. A New Germany.- 2. Unification in International Perspective.- 2.1 A Comparison With Other Eastern Countries.- 2.2 Implications for the West.- 3. The Currency Conversion Problem.- 3.1 Purchasing Power Parity.- 3.2 The Problem of Two-sided Competitiveness.- 3.3 The Money Overhang and the Real Asset Overhang.- 3.4 The Planned and the Actual Money Supply.- 3.5 Wealth Effects of the Currency Conversion.- 3.6 The Bundesbank Unification Gain.- 3.7 Portfolio Reactions.- 3.8 Demand Reactions.- 4. The Privatization Problem.- 4.1 The 49 Rule and the Pre-Coasian State.- 4.2 The Legal Role of the Treuhandanstalt.- 4.3 Risks of the Privatization Process.- 4.3.1 Sluggish Privatization.- 4.3.2 Cross-Subsidization.- 4.3.3 Competition and Market Concentration.- 4.3.4 The Erosion of Sales Prices.- 4.4 Another Method of Privatization.- 5. Structural Unemployment.- 6. Conclusion.- F. Comments.- G. Transforming a Socialist Economy: Currency Unification, Banking Reform and Capital Markets.- 1. Socialist Economies and Systemic Transformation.- 2. Money and Banking in a Traditional Socialist Setting.- 2.1 Banking System.- 2.2 Active and Passive Money.- 2.3 Two Distinct Monetary Problems.- 3. Money, Credit and Banking in a Reformed System.- 4. Monetary Problems in the Process of Transition.- 4.1 German Economic Unification.- 4.2 Some Lessons from East German Reform.- 4.3 Elements of a Monetary and Financial Reform.- 5. Perspectives.- H. Comments.- II. National Challenges.- I. Labor Markets and Social Security Systems Facing Unification: Systemic Challenges in Germany.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Labor Markets.- 2.1 Facts and Figures.- 2.2 Perspectives.- 2.3 The Legal Framework.- 2.4 The Promotion of Skills, Training.- 3. Social Security Systems: Health Insurance, Old-Age Pensions.- 3.1 The Systems of Social Security.- 3.2 Health Insurance.- 3.3 Old-age Insurance.- 4. Financing of the Social Security Systems.- 5. Conclusions.- J. Comments.- K. Environmental Protection: Problems and Prospects in East and West Germany.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Water Management.- 3. Destruction of Areas.- 4. Noise Abatement.- 5. Outlook.- L. Comments.- M. Structural Adjustment and Privatization of the East German Economy.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Structural Adjustment: Necessity and Perspectives.- 3. Deregulation and Privatization.- 3.1 Promoting Competition.- 3.2 Improving Economic Performance.- 3.3 Improving the Public Finances.- 3.4 Widening the Ownership of Economic Assets.- 4. The Treuhandanstalt: Organization, Objectives and Problems?.- 5. Privatization Strategies.- 6. Conclusions.- 7. Postscriptum: The Privatization Results.- N. Comments.- O. Government Support for Restructuring the East German Economy.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The East German Economy in Transition.- 3. Criteria for Evaluating Different Types of Government Support.- 4. Prospects for Economic Policy.- P. Comments.- III. International Perspectives.- Q. German Economic Unification and European Integration: Prosperity without Stability?.- 1. Introduction.- 2. German Economic Unification.- 2.1 Rapid Progress in East German Economic Restructuring.- 2.2 Germany’s Labor Market Disequilibria.- 2.3 Supply-Side Changes in Germany and Prospects for a New German Economic Miracle.- 3. European Integration.- 3.1 The Dynamics of the Single Market.- 3.2 Problems with EU Enlargements.- 3.3 Instability in the Political and Economic Sphere?.- R. External Aspects of German Unification: The Polish View.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Short-Term Consequences for Poland of German Unification.- 3. Long-Term Impact of German Unification on the Polish Economy.- 4. Policies Towards Poland’s Integration into the United Europe.- S. Comments.- T. Economic Reform in the USSR and Prospects for Trade and Economic Relations with Unified Germany.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Difficult Reform Situation.- 3. Economic Relations with Germany and Western Europe.- 3.1 Economic Relations with Germany.- 3.2 Perspectives.- U. Comments.- V. German Unification as an Incentive for Institutional and Organizational Changes within the EC: A French View.- 1. Introduction.- 2. New Perceptions and Old Apprehensions.- 2.1 An Accelerated Process.- 2.2 Two Attitudes.- 2.3 Five Problems.- 3. Institutional Changes.- 3.1 Within Germany.- 3.2 Within the EC.- 3.3 The EC and the Rest of the World.- 4. Organizational Effects.- 4.1 Structural Adjustments.- 4.2 A More Activist Government.- 4.3 Effects on Industrial Organization.- 5. Conclusions.- W. Global Economic Rivalry: New Perspectives on Germany (the EC), Japan and the United States.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Trade Talks or Trade Tangles.- 2.1 European Unification and European Preoccupations.- 2.2 U.S. Policy Responses.- 2.3 Some Policy Recommendations.- 3. Macroeconomic Coordination and the Coming Global Capital Shortage.- 3.1 Economic Shock Wave.- 3.2 Shifting Investment Patterns.- 3.3 Emerging Monetary Union.- 3.4 Ebbing Dollar Influence.- 4. Conclusion and Policy Recommendations.- X. Comments.- Y. EC Integration and Economic Reforms in CMEA Countries: A United Germany as a Bridge Between East and West?.- 1. Introduction.- 2. German Unification from a European Perspective.- 2.1 The Path to Unification.- 2.2 The Economic West-East Divide in the Unified Germany.- 2.3 Major Aspects of Germany’s Bridging Function.- 3. EC Problems.- 3.1 European Opportunities for Trade and Investment.- 3.2 German Unification and Economic and Monetary Union in the EC.- 3.3 German Unity and the EC’s Trade Policy Stance.- 3.3.1 EC Protectionism.- 3.3.2 Restoring Historical Trading Patterns in Central Europe?.- 4. Germany and the CMEA Countries in a Divided Europe.- 4.1 Support for Eastern Europe: EC-Widening?.- 4.2 Germany’s Systemic Transformation as a Model for Eastern Europe?.- 5. Global Perspectives and Conclusions.- Z. Comments.- Map of Western and Eastern Germany.- Appendix: Selected Data on Western German and Eastern Germany.- List of Authors and Conference Participants.- List of Tables and Figures.