Cell Types and Connectivity Patterns in Mosaic Retinas
Aus der Reihe
Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology
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Sprache:Englisch
Fr. 137.00
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Beschreibung
Produktdetails
Einband
Taschenbuch
Erscheinungsdatum
01.09.1978
Verlag
Springer BerlinSeitenzahl
84
Maße (L/B/H)
23.5/15.5/0.6 cm
Gewicht
149 g
Sprache
Englisch
ISBN
978-3-540-09013-7
In many parts of vertebrate and invertebrate central nervous systems, groups of nerve or receptor cells can be found that are arranged and connected according to a precise, functionally defined pattern (Braitenberg, 1973; Santini, 1975; Strausfeld, 1976; Chan-Palay, 1977). In these cases, groups of cell bodies or synapses appear as basically similar configurations, which, however, are different in detail from each other. Such abstract patterns of connectivity are of a statistical nature and do not allow, in a given example, for the prediction of the localization or connections of a particular cell. "Wiring diagrams", therefore, can be obtained only from a multitude of individual observations. In contrast, in several sensory organs, concrete patterns occur that con sist of a regular, mosaic-like, and geometric arrangement of similar cell types. The constancy of such a mosaic allows predictions about certain units of the pattern on the basis of only a few exemplary observations. Typical examples are found in the visual system: In the compound eye of insects, each ommatidium contains a definite number of visual cells that are grouped around the optical axis in a hexogonal array (Kirsch feld, 1967); in the vertebrate retina, mosaics of geometrically arranged cones are found most frequently in lower vertebrates; they are common among teleosts. A number of studies have dealt with their phylogenetic significance and their functional role as adaptation to specific environments or modes of feeding.
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