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Produktbild: Point Defects in Semiconductors and Insulators
Band 51

Point Defects in Semiconductors and Insulators Determination of Atomic and Electronic Structure from Paramagnetic Hyperfine Interactions

Aus der Reihe Springer Series in Materials Science

Fr. 242.00

inkl. gesetzl. MwSt., Versandkostenfrei

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

14.09.2012

Herausgeber

Hans-Joachim Queisser

Verlag

Springer Berlin

Seitenzahl

492

Maße (L/B/H)

23.5/15.5/2.8 cm

Gewicht

762 g

Auflage

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2003

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-3-642-62722-4

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

14.09.2012

Herausgeber

Hans-Joachim Queisser

Verlag

Springer Berlin

Seitenzahl

492

Maße (L/B/H)

23.5/15.5/2.8 cm

Gewicht

762 g

Auflage

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2003

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-3-642-62722-4

Herstelleradresse

Springer-Verlag KG
Sachsenplatz 4-6
1201 Wien
AT

Email: GPSR Kontakt

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  • Produktbild: Point Defects in Semiconductors and Insulators
  • 1. Introduction.- 1.1 Structure of Point Defects.- 1.2 Basic Concepts of Defect Structure Determination by EPR.- 1.3 Superhyperfine and Electronic Structures of Defects in Solids.- 2. Fundamentals of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance.- 2.1 Magnetic Properties of Electrons and Nuclei.- 2.2 Electrons and Nuclei in an External Magnetic Field.- 2.3 Some Useful Relations for Angular Momentum Operators.- 2.4 Time Dependence of Angular Momentum Operators and Macroscopic Magnetization.- 2.5 Basic Magnetic Resonance Experiment.- 2.6 Spin-Lattice Relaxation.- 2.7 Rate Equations for a Two-Level System.- 2.8 Bloch Equations.- 2.9 Conventional Detection of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and its Sensitivity.- 3. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectra.- 3.1 Spin Hamiltonian.- 3.2 Electron Zeeman Interaction.- 3.3 g-Factor Splitting of EPR Spectra.- 3.4 Fine-Structure Splitting of EPR Spectra.- 3.5 Hyperfine Splitting of EPR Spectra.- 3.6 Superhyperfine Splitting of EPR Spectra.- 3.7 Inhomogeneous Line Widths of EPR Lines.- 4. Optical Detection of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance.- 4.1 Optical Transitions of Defects in Solids.- 4.2 Spectral Form of Optical Transitions of Defects in Solids.- 4.3 EPR Detected with Magnetic Circular Dichroism of Absorption Method.- 4.4 MCDA Excitation Spectra of ODEPR Lines (MCDA “Tagged” by EPR).- 4.5 Spatially Resolved MCDA and ODEPR Spectra.- 4.6 Measurement of Spin-Lattice Relaxation Time T1with MCDA Method.- 4.7 Determination of Spin State with MCDA Method.- 4.8 EPR of Ground and Excited States Detected with Optical Pumping.- 4.9 EPR Optically Detected in Donor-Acceptor Pair Recombination Luminescence.- 4.10 Optically Detected EPR of Triplet States.- 4.11 ODEPR of Trapped Excitons with MCDA Method.- 4.12 Sensitivity of ODEPR Measurements.- 4.13 Structural Information from Forbidden Transitions in MCDA-EPR Spectra.- 4.14 Spatial Correlation Between Defects by Cross-Relaxation-Spectroscopy.- 4.15 High-Field ODEPR/ODENDOR.- 5. Electron Nuclear Double Resonance.- 5.1 The Resolution Problem, a Simple Model.- 5.2 Type of Information from EPR and NMR Spectra.- 5.3 Indirect Detection of NMR, Double Resonance.- 5.4 Examples of ENDOR Spectra.- 5.5 Relations Between EPR and ENDOR Spectra, ENDOR-Induced EPR.- 5.6 Electron Nuclear Nuclear Triple Resonance (Double ENDOR).- 5.7 Temperature Dependence and Photo-Excitation of ENDOR Spectra.- 5.7.1 Temperature Dependence of ENDOR Spectra.- 5.7.2 Photo-Excitation of ENDOR Spectra.- 5.8 Stochastic ENDOR.- 6. Analysis of ENDOR Spectra.- 6.1 Qualitative Analysis of ENDOR Spectra.- 6.1.1 Spin Hamiltonian.- 6.1.2 Simple First Order Solution.- 6.1.3 Assignment of Nuclei.- 6.1.4 Angular Dependence of ENDOR Lines.- 6.1.5 Symmetry Considerations, Neighbor Shells.- 6.2 Quantitative Analysis of ENDOR Spectra.- 6.2.1 Higher Order Approximations.- 6.2.2 Large Anisotropic Hyperfine Interactions.- 6.2.3 Approximation with the Effective Electron Spin Seff.- 6.2.4 Second Order Splittings of the Superhyperfine Structure.- 6.2.5 Sample Alignment.- 6.2.6 Reconstruction of the EPR Line Shape from ENDOR Data.- 6.2.7 Asymmetric Superhyperfine Tensors.- 6.2.8 Selection Rules and ENDOR Line Intensities.- 6.2.9 ENDOR Spectra in the Case of a Large Quadrupole Interaction and Axial Symmetry.- 6.2.10 Powder ENDOR Spectra.- 6.2.11 Final Results Obtainable from the Analysis of ENDOR Spectra.- 7. Electrical Detection of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance.- 7.1 Experimental Methods to Detect EDEPR.- 7.2 Experimental Observation of EDEPR.- 7.3 The Donor-Acceptor Pair Recombination Model.- 7.4 On the Role of the Electron Irradiation for the Donor EPR in Silicon.- 7.5 Spatial Resolution and Low Frequency EDEPR.- 7.6 Electrical Detection of ENDOR.- 7.7 Concentration and Temperature Dependence of the EDEPR Signals.- 7.8 Further Spin-Dependent Recombination Models.- 7.8.1 The Lépine Model.- 7.8.2 The Model of Kaplan, Solomon and Mott.- 7.8.3 The Spin-Dependent SRH Model.- 8. Theoretical ab initio Calculations of Hyperfine Interactions.- 8.1 Electron States in Solids.- 8.1.1 Born-Oppenheimer Approximation.- 8.1.2 Hartree and Hartree-Fock Approximations.- 8.1.3 Density Functional Theory and Local Density Approximation.- 8.1.4 Computational Methods for Energy Band Calculations.- 8.2 Computational Methods for Deep Point Defects.- 8.2.1 Cluster Methods.- 8.2.2 The Supercell Method.- 8.2.3 Green’s Function Methods.- 8.2.4 The Band Gap Problem and the Scissor Operator.- 8.3 Hyperfine Interactions.- 8.3.1 Non-relativistic Hyperfine Interactions.- 8.3.2 Scalar Relativistic Hyperfine Interactions.- 8.3.3 Magnetization Density for Many-Electron States.- 8.3.4 The Jahn-Teller Effect.- 8.3.5 The Core Polarization.- 8.3.6 Electrical Quadrupole Interaction.- 8.3.7 The Empirical LCAO Scheme.- 8.3.8 The Envelope Function Method.- 8.3.9 Point Dipole-Dipole Interaction.- 8.4 Deep Point Defects in Semiconductors and Insulators.- 8.4.1 Substitutional Donors with ?z = 1.- 8.4.2 Substitutional Donors with ?z = 2.- 8.4.3 Interstitial Deep Donors.- 8.4.4 Shallow Acceptors with ?z = -1.- 8.4.5 Deep Acceptors with ?z = -2.- 8.4.6 Vacancies.- 8.4.7 Point Defects in Ionic Solids.- 8.4.8 3d Transition Metal Defects.- 8.4.9 Interstitial 3d TM Defects.- 8.5 Shallow Defects: The Effective Mass Approximation and Beyond.- 8.5.1 The EMA Formalism.- 8.5.2 Simplest Case: Nondegenerate Band Edge.- 8.5.3 Conduction Band with Several Equivalent Minima.- 8.5.4 Pseudopotential Calculations.- 8.5.5 Degenerate Valence Bands.- 8.6 Conclusions.- 9. Experimental Aspects of Optically Detected EPR and ENDOR.- 9.1 Sensitivity Considerations.- 9.1.1 Magnetic Circular Dichroism of Absorption.- 9.1.2 Optically Detected EPR.- 9.2 ODMR Spectrometers Monitoring Light Emission.- 9.3 ODMR Spectrometers Monitoring Magnetic Circular Properties of Absorption and Emission.- 9.3.1 General Description of the Spectrometer.- 9.3.2 Measurement of Magnetic Circular Dichroism of Absorption.- 9.3.3 Measurement of Magnetic Circular Polarization of Emission.- 9.4 Experimental Details of the Components of an MCDA/MCPE ODMR Spectrometer.- 9.4.1 Light Sources.- 9.4.2 Monochromators.- 9.4.3 Imaging Systems.- 9.4.4 Linear Polarizers.- 9.4.5 Photo-Elastic Modulator.- 9.4.6 Detectors.- 9.4.7 Cryostat.- 9.4.8 Magnet.- 9.4.9 Microwave System and Cavity.- 9.4.10 Radio-Frequency System for ODENDOR.- 9.4.11 Control and Registration Electronics.- 9.5 High Frequency ODEPR/ODENDOR Cavities.- 9.5.1 Cylindrical V-Band Cavity.- 9.5.2 Cylindrical Cavity for W-Band MCDA-EPR/ENDOR.- 9.5.3 Multimode W-Band Fabry-Pérot Cavity for MCDA-EPR/ENDOR.- 9.6 High Pressure Photoluminescence-Detected EPR.- Appendices.- References.