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Produktbild: Shaping The Developing World

Shaping The Developing World The West, the South, and the Natural World

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Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

30.10.2013

Verlag

Sage Publications

Seitenzahl

424

Maße (L/B/H)

23.1/20/2.7 cm

Gewicht

863 g

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-60871-855-9

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

30.10.2013

Verlag

Sage Publications

Seitenzahl

424

Maße (L/B/H)

23.1/20/2.7 cm

Gewicht

863 g

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-60871-855-9

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  • Produktbild: Shaping The Developing World
  • PART I: INTRODUCTION
    1. Underdevelopment and Diversity in the Global South
    Defining the Developing World
    Naming the Developing World
    Delineating the Developing World
    Economic, Social, and Political Characteristics
    Economic Characteristics
    Social Characteristics
    Political Characteristics
    A Brief History of Economic Development
    The Pre-Industrial Eras
    The Industrial Revolution
    Modern Economic Growth in the Developing World
    Goals and Organization: Who or What Causes Global Poverty?
    Causes of Underdevelopment: A Framework
    Organization of the Book
    Case Study: Why Is the Democratic Republic of Congo the Poorest Country on Earth?
    The South: Kleptocracy and Cultural Fragmentation
    The West: Stolen Aid, Colonial Abuses, and Slavery
    The Natural World: Geography and the Resource Curse
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources
    2. Human Development and Underdevelopment
    Defining Human Development
    The Human Development Approach
    The Complex Relationship between Economic and Human Development
    Health Snapshot: Description and Causes of the Developing World's Shortcomings
    Key Health Indicators: Life Expectancy and Child Mortality
    The Immediate Cause of Poor Health Outcomes
    Health Trends: Tracking Improvements in LDCs through Time
    Longer Lives
    Causes of Convergence: The Declining Cost of Good Health
    Education Snapshot: The Nature and Causes of the Developing World's Deficit
    Key Education Indicators: Attainment and Achievement
    The Immediate Causes of Poor Educational Outcomes
    Education Trends: Tracking Improvements in LDCs through Time
    Higher Enrollments and Better Quality
    Causes of Convergence: Better Government and Parental Commitment
    Case Study: What Are India's Failures and Successes in Human Development?
    Health and Education Challenges
    Health and Education Successes
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources
    3. The Benefits and Costs of Economic Development
    The Cultural Costs of Development
    The Cost: The Westernization and Homogenization of Cultures
    The Cost: Deteriorations in Social Connectedness and Personal Character
    The Response: Prosperity as a Universal Desire
    The Response: Minimal or Beneficial Cultural Change
    The Equity Costs of Development
    The Cost: Deepening Global Inequality
    The Cost: Deepening Domestic Inequalities
    The Response: The Complicated Relationship between Development and Inequality
    The Environmental Costs of Development
    The Cost: Environmental Degradation
    The Response: The Benefits of Development for the Environment
    The Psychological Costs of Development
    The Cost: Insecurity, Alienation, and Unhappiness
    The Response: Revisiting the Ethics and Evidence on Happiness
    Case Study: Has Economic Growth Brought Happiness to China?
    The Gains
    The Costs
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources
    PART II: THE WEST: INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTS
    4. Slavery and Colonialism
    The Atlantic Slave Trade
    The Triangular Trade
    Features of the Trade in Africa
    Features of the Trade in Latin America
    Causes of Underdevelopment: The Long-Term Damage of Slavery
    Consequences for Africa
    Consequences for Latin America and the Caribbean
    Critique: Questioning the Magnitude of Slavery's Effects
    Western Colonialism
    The Importance of the Western Colonial Era for the Contemporary South
    A Brief History of the Colonial Era
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Western Colonialism's Consequences
    The Colonial Drain
    Colonialism's Institutional Legacy
    Colonialism's Cultural Legacy
    Critique of Colonial Legacy Arguments
    Case Study: Do Slavery and Colonialism Explain Nigeria's Development Failure?
    The West: Slavery and Colonialism's Consequences
    The South: Domestic Problems in Independent Nigeria
    The Natural World: The Burden of Geography and the Paradox of Oil Wealth
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources
    5. Globalization and Neocolonialism
    From the First Global Century to Import Substitution
    The First Global Century
    The ISI Phase
    Export Promotion
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Dependency and Other Early Theories of Global Exploitation
    Latin American Structuralism
    Dependency Theory
    World Systems Theory
    Falling Behind in the First Global Century
    Critiques of Structuralism, Dependency Theory, and WST
    Reintegrating the Globe
    Trade Liberalization
    Capital Market Liberalization
    Changing Migration Flows
    Remaining Barriers
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Newer Concerns about Globalization
    Deindustrialization
    Sweatshops and the Race to the Bottom
    Volatile Capital Flows
    Foreign Debt
    Brain Drain
    Critique: Defending Globalization
    The Benefits of Free Trade
    Labor Exploitation or Enrichment?
    The Nature of Foreign Debt
    Brain Gain
    Case Study: Is Neocolonialism Why Brazil Is Always the "Country of the Future"?
    The West: Failures of Openness
    The South: Shortcomings of Domestic Institutions
    The Natural World: The Illusion of Abundance
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources
    6. Foreign Aid and the Bretton Woods Institutions
    Foreign Aid
    Understanding Key Concepts and Players in the Aid Regime
    A Brief History of Foreign Aid
    Causes of Underdevelopment: The Case for Aid Skepticism
    Donor Motives
    Donor Paternalism and Lack of Accountability
    Donor Fragmentation and Aid Volatility
    Recipient Absorptive Capacity and Governance
    Recipient Economic Problems
    Defending Foreign Aid and Its Record
    Theoretical Defenses
    Foreign Aid's Many Successes
    The Aid Trickle
    Learning from Past Mistakes
    The Bretton Woods Institutions: The IMF and World Bank
    A Brief History of the IMF and World Bank
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Imposing Market Fundamentalism
    Foisting Capitalism on the Developing World
    Other Criticisms
    Critique: Defending the Bretton Woods Institutions
    Loans and Conditionalities as a Choice
    The Ethics of Conditionalities
    The Case for Market Policies
    Case Study: Has Foreign Aid Made Pakistan Poorer?
    The West: The Failures of Aid and the IMF
    The South: The Worst of Continuity and Change
    The Natural World: The Paradox of Flooding amidst Dryness
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources
    PART III: THE SOUTH: DOMESTIC FACTORS
    7. Culture and Identity
    Understanding Culture and Social Identity
    Social Identity
    Other Cultural Traits
    Causes of Underdevelopment: The Culturalist School
    Max Weber and the Protestant Ethic
    Modernization Theory
    Social Capital and Trust
    Religion and Natural Culture
    Critique of Culturalist Claims
    Culture as Consequence, Not Cause
    Mischaracterizing Culture in LDCs
    Mixed Evidence
    Cultural Relativism
    Causes of Underdevelopment: The Costs of Cultural Diversity
    Underprovision of Public Goods and Fragmented Markets
    Poor Governance and Conflict
    Stereotype Threat
    Critique: Diversity as Consequence, Not Cause
    Case Study: Are Iraqis Poor Because of Islam and Its Ethnic Cleavages?
    The South: Islam and Sectarian Divisions
    The West: The British Mandate and War with the United States
    The Natural World: Oil and Sand
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources
    8. States, Markets, and Development Models
    State-Led Development
    State-Led Development in Thought
    State-Led Development in Practice
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Failures of the State-Led Model
    Critique: Successes of State-Led Development
    Socialism
    Marxist Thought
    Socialism in Practice
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Failures of Socialism
    Critique: Socialism's Successes
    The Market-Oriented Strategy
    Neoclassical Economic Thought
    The Market-Oriented Strategy in Practice
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Shortcomings of the Market-Oriented Strategy
    Disappointing Results
    State Capitalism
    Critique: Successes of the Washington Consensus
    Success Stories
    Debating State Capitalism
    Case Study: Did India's Postcolonial Development Model Delay Its Economic Rise?
    The South: India's State-Led Development Model
    The West: Exploiting the "Jewel in the British Crown"
    The Natural World: Topography and Transport Costs
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources
    9. Economic Institutions and Informality
    Property Markets and Informal Ownership
    Urban Slums and Rural Land
    Causes of Property Informality
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Informal Property Markets
    New Institutional Economics and Property Rights
    Dead Capital
    Critique: Is Formality Worth It?
    Informal Work, Firms, and Finance
    Labor and Business Informality
    Financial Services
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Challenges of Informal Firms and Finance
    The Drawbacks of Informal Work
    Shortcomings of Informal Finance
    Critique: Formalization as a False Solution
    Case Study: Does Informality Explain Peru's Delayed Development?
    The South: Informal Economic Activity
    The West: Spanish Colonialism and British Neocolonialism
    The Natural World: Pizarro Wins the Lottery
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources
    10. Political Institutions and Governance
    Political Regimes
    Democracy
    Authoritarianism
    Hybrid Regimes
    Political Instability and Regime Change
    The Relationship between Political Regimes and Prosperity
    Democracy's Third Wave
    The Judiciary and the Bureaucracy
    Rule of Law
    Corruption
    State Capacity
    Judicial and Bureaucratic Quality around the World
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Bad Political Institutions
    Extractive Institutions
    Inclusive Institutions as the Solution
    Critique of NIE
    Economic Development First
    The Authoritarian Advantage
    Mixed Evidence
    Case Study: Does China's Authoritarianism Explain Why It Is Poorer Than the West?
    The South: Serial Authoritarianism
    The West: A Century of Humiliation
    The Natural World: Inhospitable Terrain
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources
    11. Violence and State Failure
    Political and Criminal Violence
    Political Violence
    Criminal Violence
    State Failure
    Causes of Underdevelopment: The Costs of Violence and State Failure
    The Costs of Armed Conflict
    The Price of Criminal Violence
    Critique: Reconsidering the Costs of Violence
    Case Study: Is Somalia Poor because of Civil War?
    The South: Civil War in the World's Least Governed State
    The West: The Legacy of Foreign Intervention
    The Natural World: Climate and Nomadism
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources
    12. Gender Inequality
    Female Empowerment
    The Gender Earnings Gap
    The Gender Gap in Education
    The Gender Gap in Political Empowerment
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Disempowered Women and Girls
    Critiques of the Instrumentalist View
    Female Health, Physical Security, and Fertility
    Excess Female Mortality and Missing Women
    Gender-Based Violence
    Reproduction and Fertility
    Causes of Underdevelopment: High Fertility
    Critique: Doubting the Costs of High Fertility
    Case: Is Afghanistan's Treatment of Women the Cause of Its Poverty?
    The South: Mistreatment of Women and Girls
    The West: Legacy of a Global Pawn
    The Natural World: Dry, Mountainous, and Landlocked
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources
    PART IV: THE NATURAL WORLD: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
    13. Geography and Economic Prosperity
    Geographic Commonalities of the Developing World
    The Tropics
    Other Commonalities
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Physical Geography and Climate
    The Tropical Disadvantage
    Guns, Germs, and Steel
    Natural Barriers to Economic Exchange
    Critique of Geographical Determinism
    Critique of Jeffrey Sachs
    Critique of Jared Diamond
    Overcoming Distance
    The Resource Curse
    Causes of Underdevelopment: Natural Resources
    Dutch Disease and a Lack of Industry
    Effects on Politics
    Critique: A Resource Blessing?
    Case Study: Is Geography Destiny in Mexico?
    The Natural World: Mexico's Geographical Disadvantages
    The West: Colonial and Postcolonial Exploitation
    The South: Instability and Autocracy
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Reading
    Web Resources
    14. Environmental Change and Development
    Communal Environmental Problems
    Degradation of Natural Capital
    Why Community Environmental Problems Are Worse in LDCs
    Causes of Underdevelopment: A Malthusian Trap
    Critique: Recent History versus Neo-Malthusianism
    Climate Change and Development
    Causes of Underdevelopment: The Economic Burden of Climate Change
    Causes of Underdevelopment: The Economic Burden of Climate Change
    Case Study: Will Malthusian Traps End Indonesia's Rise?
    The Natural World: Indonesia's Malthusian Crisis?
    The South: Poor Government and Female Disempowerment
    The West: Pathologies of Globalization
    Thinking Critically about Development
    Key Terms
    Suggested Readings
    Web Resources