I General.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Anatomy of the Esophagogastric Junction.- 3The Pathophysiology of Gastroesophageal Reflux.- 4 Clinical Aspects of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants and Children.- 5 The Gastroesophageal Reflux Secondary to Malformations.- 6 Conditions Mimicking Gastroesophageal Reflux.- 7 Infant Regurgitation.- 8The Gastroesophageal Reflux in Patients with Respiratory Symptoms.- 9 Gastroesophageal Reflux and Barrett’s Esophagus.- 10 Genetics of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.- II Pediatrics.- 11 Esophageal Manometry in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Infants and Children with GER.- 12 Esophagogastric pH Monitoring in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Infant and Children with GER.- 13 Gastroesophageal Endoscopy for the Diagnostic Evaluation of Infants with GER.- 14 Barium Swallow: An Useful Exam to Diagnose GER in Children.- 15 Scintigraphic Assessment of GER in Pediatric Patients.- 16 Ultrasonography and Bronchoalveolar Lavage for the Diagnosis of Children with Gastroesophageal Reflux.- 17 The Bronchoalveolar Lavage Technique to Evaluate Silent Aspiration in Children with Reflux-Associated Respiratory Disease.- 18 Gastric Emptying and Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux.- 19 Current Concepts in the Medical Treatment of GER in Children.- 20 Long-Term Results of Medical Treatment and Indications for Surgery.- III Surgery.- 21 Surgery for Gastroesophageal Reflux?.- 22 A Retrospective Analysis of Fifty Years of Open Surgery in the Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux.- 23 Can Laparoscopy Be Considered the “Gold Standard” in the Management of Children with GERD?.- 24 Nissen-Rossetti’s Procedure.- 25 Nissen-Rossetti Procedure.- 26 Toupet’s Procedure.- 27 Jaubert De Beaujeu’s Procedure.- 28 Laparoscopic Anterior Fundoplication of the Stomach According toThal.- 29 Boix-Ochoa’s Procedure.- 30 Other Antireflux Procedures in Infants with GERD.- 31 Esophagogastric Dissociation.- 32 Complications of Antireflux Surgery.- 33 Clinical Outcomes After Laparoscopic Antireflux Surgery.- 34 Redo Surgery in Cases of Recurrent GER.- 35 The Management of GER in Neurologically Impaired Patients.- 36 Results and Follow-up of Antireflux Surgery in Neurologically Impaired Children.