List of contributors
Introduction
Section I
Pandemic governance and coordination
1. COVID-19 control strategy and measures in Kawasaki City, Japan
Takako Misaki, Tomoya Saito and Nobuhiko Okabe
Background
Public health and infectious disease control in Kawasaki City
The response to COVID-19 in Kawasaki City
The responses to domestic clusters of COVID-19
Developing laboratory diagnosis capacities
Vaccines and mass vaccination exercises
Responding to the first case of the Omicron variant in Kawasaki City
Conclusion: lessons learned from Kawasaki City
References
2. COVID-19 pandemic: how Lagos State Government managed the COVID-19 pandemic and the tripod of biosecurity
Akin Abayomi and Tunde Ajayi
Background
Background on Lagos, Nigeria
Background on the public health system in Lagos
Lagos State's approach to emergency preparedness
Governance and policy
Coordinating systems
Capabilities
Resources
COVID-19 in Lagos
The response to COVID-19 in Lagos
The pre-index case response
The post-index case response
The response to pandemic waves of COVID-19
Lessons learned from Lagos' response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Conclusion
References
3. COVID-19 in Beirut: epidemiology, response, gaps, and challenges
Nada M. Melhem, Farouk F Abou Hassan and Mirna Bou Hamdan
Background
The socioeconomic status in Lebanon
The health care system in Lebanon
The COVID-19 response in Beirut
The epidemiology of COVID-19 in Beirut
COVID-19 vaccination: successes and challenges
The emergence and monitoring of variants of concern
Conclusion: successes, gaps and challenges, and the way forward
References
Further Reading
4. Pandemic governance and community mobilization in conflict: a case study of Idlib, Syria
Abdulkarim Ekzayez, Munzer Khlalil, Preeti Patel and Gemma Bowsher
Background
Background on the public health system in Idlib
A bottom-up, locally ed health system in Idlib
Background on COVID-19 in Idlib
Scaling-up health system capacity using limited resources
COVID-19 response in Idlib
Community engagement and mobilizing local resources
SARS-CoV-2 testing and COVID-19 surveillance
Resource-limited digital solutions
Vaccination
Conclusion
References
Section II
Technology and digital approaches for pandemic response
5. Singapore's whole-of-nation strategy for pandemic response and vaccination of the population
Wycliffe Wei, Bryan W.K. Chow, Marc Ho and Vernon Lee
Background
Background on Singapore
Background on the public health system in Singapore
Pandemic response system
Whole-of-government crisis response system
Legal public health preparedness
Surveillance and testing for COVID-19
Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 testing modalities and their adoption
Testing of target populations
Testing of symptomatic persons
Testing of asymptomatic persons: rostered routine testing and expanding PCR testing capacity
Testing of asymptomatic persons: extended testing with antigen rapid tests and wastewater surveillance
Isolation and medical management of SARS-CoV-2 infections
Singapore's approach to isolation
The medical response to COVID-19
Contact tracing and quarantine
Vaccination
Promoting vaccine uptake
Social measures
Conclusion
References
6. Future-proofing: Quezon City's response to the COVID-19 pandemic as investments against the next epidemic
Noel Bernardo, Jaifred Christian Lopez, Esperanza Anita E. Arias and Misha Coleman
Background
Background on Quezon City, Philippines
Background on the public health system in Quezon City, Philippines
The response to COVID-19 in Quezon City, Philippines
Pillar 1: prevention
Pillar 2: detection
Pillar 3: isolation
Pillar 4: treatment
Pillar 5: reintegration
Pillar 6: vaccination
Utilizing COVID-19 investments to build a stronger urban health system in Quezon City, Philippines
Digital solutions and big data management for health
Strengthening of surveillance systems
Quezon City Health Education and Promotion Unit
Conclusion
References
Section III
Workforce and surge capacity
7. Expanding workforce surge capacity and the multijurisdictional response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Las Vegas metropolitan area
Fermin Leguen, Cassius Locket and Jeffrey Quinn
Background
Background on Las Vegas metropolitan area (Clark County, Nevada)
The public health system in Las Vegas, Nevada
COVID-19 in Las Vegas, Nevada
Surging the workforce in Las Vegas
Surveillance and testing response: medical surge capacity and the need for increased surveillance and mass COVID-19 testing of the population in Clark County, Nevada
Surging capacities to provide medical care and isolation services to those who did not meet hospital admission criteria or have a place to isolate
COVID-19 vaccination campaign operations
Conclusions
References
8. Using mobile financial services to improve community health workers' efficiency during the COVID-19 pandemic in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Farzana Misha, Syed Hassan Imtiaz, Margaret McConnell, Richard Cash and Sabina Faiz Rashid
Background
Background on Dhaka, Bangladesh
The urban health system in Dhaka, Bangladesh
COVID-19 in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Response measures adopted in Dhaka
Community health workers and mobile financial services
The introduction of mobile financial services to BRAC community health workers and health service delivery
Community health workers and the use of mobile financial services during the COVID-19 pandemic
Experiences and challenges in providing financial support to community health workers through mobile financial services
Time cost efficiencies due to mobile financial services
Conclusion
References
Further reading
Section IV
Vulnerable populations and pandemic response
9. Prioritizing local context and expertise in a global pandemic: the New Orleans response to COVID-19
Jennifer Avegno, Kasha Bornstein and Jordan Vaughn
Background
Historical context of the city of New Orleans
Background on public health in New Orleans
Background on public health emergencies in New Orleans
COVID-19 in New Orleans
The response to COVID-19 in New Orleans: reaching the most vulnerable
Conclusion
References
10. COVID-19, control and confusion: experiences from Cape Town, South Africa
Patricia van der Ross
Background
The public health system in Cape Town
COVID-19 in Cape Town, South Africa
Cape Town's COVID-19 response
Conclusion
References
11. A proactive approach to curtail the spread of
COVID-19 in the Dharavi Slum, Mumbai, India
Paragnimalai Diwakar Madan Kumar, Saravanan Poorni and Zameer Shervani
Background
Background on Mumbai, India
The public health system in Mumbai
COVID-19 in India
The response to COVID-19 in the Dharavi Slum of Mumbai
Administrative efforts
Screening and surveillance efforts
Quarantine and isolation
Publicprivate partnerships
Community participation
Conclusions
References
Section V
Risk communication
12. Risk communications in a pandemic: tailored communications and public health messaging to urban populations in Baltimore City
Letitia Dzirasa, Adam Abadir, Jennifer Martin and Kimberly Eshleman
Background
COVID-19 risk communication efforts in Baltimore
Establishing initial communications: transparency, trust, and tailored messaging
Tailoring the message
Communication efforts for vaccination campaigns
Communications efforts addressing mis- and disinformation
Conclusions: lessons learned for effective urban public health campaign
References
Conclusion
Index
